Christine Lee Yet Yee
Foundation in Natural And Built Environment
LITERATURE, THEME, PLACES
Project Brief:
15 OCTOBER 2015
First Tutorial:
We were required to do our own research and make a literature review on the given themes and choose the theme that we prefer to work on.
We were also required to discuss on the places that we might want to do in relation to the chosen theme.
The themes are:
1. Malaysian architecture
2. Fusion architecture
3. Religious places
4. Spaces and people
MALAYSIAN ARCHITECTURE
Malaysian Architecture is divided into 2 main sections:
1. Traditional Malaysian Architecture
2. Modern Malaysian Architecture
Traditional Malaysian Architecture
Since Malaysia's population is mostly Malays, therefore, Malaysian Architecture reflects to the traditional Malay Architecture.
Traditional Malay architecture employs sophisticated architectural processes ideally suited to tropical conditions such as structures built on stilts, which allow cross-ventilating breeze beneath the dwelling to cool the house whilst mitigating the effects of the occasional flood. High-pitched roofs and large windows not only allow cross-ventilation but are also carved with intricate organic designs.
Traditional houses in Negeri Sembilan were built of hardwood and entirely free of nails. They are built using beams, which are held together by wedges. A beautiful example of this type of architecture can be seen in the Old Palace of Seri Menanti in Negeri Sembilan, which was built around 1905.
Modern Malaysian Architecture
Today, many Malay or Islamic buildings incorporate Moorish design elements as can be seen in the Islamic Arts Museum and a number of buildings in Putrajaya - the new administrative capital, and many mosques throughout the country.
FUSION ARCHITECTURE
WHAT IS FUSION??
Fusion style that combines culture, technology, style, shape and even the time, made "memory" which should exist in his time, appears to be a modern civilization / no time.
Fusion style offers everything, and no rules that limit or horse's bit. Creativity move freely, like there's a "the sky is the limit of creativity". For example, at present, is a common thing to combine modern elements with classic elements, and even become a necessity and an obligation in a fusion style, due to 'life', or 'soul' or 'spirit' in the design itself.
7 MAIN TYPES OF FUSION ARCHITECTURE:
1. Malay
2. Chinese
3. Indian
4. Indigenuos People Of Sabah & Sarawak
Colonial Period Styles
5. Protuguese
6. Dutch
7. British
MALAY
Traditional timber houses incorporated design principals relevant in contemporary architecture such as shading and ventilation, qualities present in the basic house features. Although Malay houses have diversity of styles according to each states, provinces, and sub-ethnics, there are common style and similarities shared among them:
1. Built on stilts
2. Have stairs
3. Partitioned rooms
4. Vernacular roof
5. Adorned with decoration
CHINESE
In Malaysia, Chinese architecture is of two broad types: traditional and Baba-Nyonya. Examples of traditional architecture include Chinese temples found throughout the country such as the Cheng Hoon Teng that dates back to 1646.
Many old houses especially those in Melaka and Penang are of Baba-Nyonya heritage, built with indoor courtyards and beautiful, colourful tiles.
A rare architectural combination of Chinese and Western elements is displayed by Melaka's Terengkera mosque. Its pagoda-like appearance is a fine example of Chinese-influenced roof form, combined with Western detailing in its balustrades and railings.
INDIAN
With most of Malaysian Hindus originally from Southern India, local Hindu temples exhibit the colourful architecture of that region.
Built in the late nineteenth century, the Sri Mahamariamman Temple in Kuala Lumpur is one of the most ornate and elaborate Hindu temples in the country. The detailed decorative scheme for the temple incorporates intricate carvings, gold embellishments, hand-painted motifs and exquisite tiles from Italy and Spain.
The Sikhs, although a small minority, also have their temples of more staid design in many parts of the country.
INDIGENUOS PEOPLE
Two unique architectural highlights of the indigenous peoples of Sabah and Sarawak are longhouses and water villages.
Homes to interior riverine tribes, longhouses are traditional community homes. These elongated and stilted structures, often built of axe-hewn timber, tied with creeper fibre and roofed with woven atap or thatched leaves, can house between 20 to 100 families.
Rustic water villages built on stilts are also commonly found along riverbanks and seafronts. Houses are linked by plank walkways with boats anchored on the sides. Transport around the village is usually by sampan or canoe.
PROTUGUESE
The most notable example of Portuguese architecture in Malaysia is the A'Famosa fort in Melaka, which was built by Alfonso d'Albuquerque in 1511. Nearly annihilated by the Dutch, only a small part of the fortification is still on the hill overlooking the Melaka town, old port and the Straits of Melaka.
DUTCH
Located in Melaka Town, the Stadthuys with its heavy wooden doors, thick red walls and wrought-iron hinges is the most imposing relic of the Dutch period in Melaka. It is a fine example of Dutch masonry and woodworking skills. Built between 1641 and 1660 it is believed to be the oldest building in the East.
BRITISH
Among the most significant landmarks built by the British is the Sultan Abdul Samad Building, which grandly overlooks the Merdeka Square, Kuala Lumpur. This Moorish beauty, completed in 1897, served as the Colonial Secretariat offices during the British administration.
Pre-Merdeka or pre-independence shophouses still emanate the characteristic charm of their earlier days. A display of English ingenuity is the 'five-foot-way' or covered sidewalk designed to shield pedestrians from the heat and rain.
RELIGIOUS PLACES
WHAT IS RELIGIOUS PLACES??
A place of worship is a specially designed structure or consecrated space where individuals or a group of people such as a congregation come to perform acts of devotion, veneration, or religious study. A building constructed or used for this purpose is sometimes called a house of worship.
6 MAIN TYPES OF RELIGION IN MALAYSIA:
1. Islam
2. Buddhism
3. Christianity
4. Hinduism
5. Confucianism, Taoism
6. Others
ISLAM
Islamic Arts Museum
- Another famous Islamic attraction in Malaysia is the Islamic Arts Musem in downtown Kuala Lumpur. This impressive museum has thousands of exhibits of Islamic arts, from ceramics to coins, metalwork to guns and armor and, of course, old manuscripts including ancient copies of the Qur'an. The museum has two temporary galleries, with special exhibitions on display that change often. The Islamic Arts Museum is on Jalan Lembah Perdana, 50480 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, next to the National Mosque.
Sultan Abu Bakar Mosque
-One of the most visited mosques in Malaysia because it's so old and a very popular Islamic attraction for Muslim tourists. Located in the southern coastal town of Johor Bahru, it was opened in 1900 and is said to have architecture that's based on colonial British style, with some Islamic features. The Sultan Abu Bakar Mosque is large, with room for more than 2,000 worshipers at a time. There's a beautiful garden behind it.
BUDDHISM
Thean Hou Temple
This syncretic temple with elements of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism is a grandiose structure and represents a successful combination of modern architectural techniques and authentic traditional design featuring imposing pillars, spectacular roofs, ornate carvings and intricate embellishments. Its grand architecture has made it a popular tourist destination.
The front entrance of the temple features a multi-arched gateway with red pillars, the colour symbolic of prosperity and good fortune. Souvenir stalls and a canteen are found on the 1st level. The 2nd level houses the multi-purpose hall while offices are located on the 3rd level. The 4th level has 3 tiers and the prayer hall is located here.
CHRISTIANITY
St John's Cathedral
Mother Church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kuala Lumpur and the seat of its Archbishop,Julian Leow Beng Kim. The first Church on the site was established in 1883, and consisted of a long wooden hall with a few windows built on a forested area of Bukit Nanas,[1] and was dedicated to St John the Evangelist. The current building was consecrated in 1962, when it was also elevated to the status of cathedral.[2] The building is known for its whitewashed exterior and twin spires at the west front. It also includes stained glass windows from Paris, depicting scenes from the Gospel.
HINDUISM
Sri Mahamariamman Temple
The Sri Mahamariamman Temple is the oldest Hindu temple in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Founded in 1873, it is situated at edge of Chinatown in Jalan Bandar (formerly High Street). In 1968, a new structure was built, featuring the ornate 'Raja Gopuram' tower in the style of South Indian temples.
From its inception, the temple provided an important place of worship for early Indian immigrants and is now an importantcultural and national heritage.
SPACE AND PEOPLE
Concept of space in architecture
Space is a basic subject in architecture, and conception of space in philosophy is major discussion between philosophers but architects do not considered in this subject, because space is`nt visible. Many of architects are considered only in form and are`nt thought about spatial image in architectural designing.
OTHER DEFINITION OF SPACE
-A continuous area or expanse that is free, available, or unoccupied.
-The dimensions of height, depth, and width within which all things exist and move.
DEFINITION OF PEOPLE
-Human beings in general or considered collectively.
-Men, women, and children of a particular nation, community, or ethnic group.
SPACE AND PEOPLE
In my point of view, it is a relationship between a particular space and people which interact with each other. Space is used by people to carry out their physical activities.
For example, in a park (space), there are various group of people, family, couples, and individuals with different purposes like jogging, flying kites, relaxing, pic-nicking and many more.
I have chose to highlight 4 main spaces to focused on where most people will gather around.
1. Theme Parks
2. City Parks
3. Cafes
Lost World of Tambun
Located in Sunway City, Ipoh, this theme park, water park and spa is the most popular in the state of Perak, Malaysia. Managed under the Sunway Group, the Lost World of Tambun theme park offers a resort hotel for those planning to stay there to experience the many attractions including an amusement park, petting zoo, tiger park and tin valley. Getting here is quite simple as you drive along the PLUS Highway towards Ipoh and then exit at Tambun. From there follow the directions to the theme park.
THEME PARK
SPACE
PEOPLE
People go to the theme park with different aims, for example, for relaxation, enjoyment, holiday and etc.
One of the specific space in The Lost World Of Tambun is the SPINNING CHAIR.
The interation between the people and the particular space is people express their enjoyment while riding on the spinning wheel which is a part of the space.
The second space is the POOL.
Pool is a space where it provides a platform for people to have fellowship among each other.
Interaction of space and people is spotted when people actually blend themselves in the water where both the space and people are combined in one single picture.
CITY PARK
Seremban 2 City Park
This park was built by IJM Land (a development group with the aim is to develop a culture with high quality and an improving process)
It serves several adjoining neighborhood namely Seremban 2, Saffron Seremban 2, Garden Homes, and Arovana Indah
have sports fields, courts, picnic area, parking area, lake and basketball court.
SPACE
PEOPLE
The space is open field which is spacious and huge in dimentions.
The people there consist of family, adults, teenagers and childrens.
The interaction of the space and people is potrayed when the people use the space to carry out their physical activities like blowing bubbles in the open field.
CAFE
Mr. & Ms.
The interior in Mr. & Ms. is cozy and welcoming and we love how every table comes with several pairs of moustaches and pouty lips for customers to have fun with while waiting for their grub!
17.com.my
Mr. & Ms. B-G-3A, Block B, Oasis Ara Damansara, Petaling Jaya.
SPACE
PEOPLE
The space is an interior of a cafe, where the interaction of people and the space is shown when the people uses the space to have their meals, fellowship, and hang out with each other.